Selasa, 20 Maret 2018

Artikel " Passive Voice "

Sweet Valentine: Baker Emily Jones decorates chocolate hearts at the Lake Champlain Chocolates factory in Burlington, Vermont, on Feb. 11.AP/Toby TalbotFor many, February is the month of romance.
Valentine’s Day on Feb. 14th gives people a momentum to celebrate love and express it to their object of affection.
The classic formula to mark the occasion usually includes a romantic dinner for two, red roses, chocolate, candy and a greeting card. For those with more money to spend, a holiday getaway and jewelry might come into the picture.
Those skeptical of the day’s hype might refuse to partake in the consumerist frenzy, saying that love should be celebrated on any day of the year. Romantics, who love the special occasion, meticulously plan their activities on Valentine’s Day. And there are those who don’t mind being given a reason to be romantic [1].
But for every type of person holding different opinions on Valentine’s Day, romantic love is more than dinner and gifts. It is the one drug that everyone loves — as long as it lasts. It gives people energy, sparks creativity, and makes a besotted person incredibly focused on one’s object of affection.
Romantic love is a great motivator and a muse for art. The many poems dedicated to love is testament to that. Love drives people to go the extra mile. The fear of loosing love and jealousy can drive people to the worst of actions, from stalking to murder.
Beyond kowtowing to the demands of a commercialized Valentine’s Day, The Jakarta Post asked people what they did when driven by this intense emotion, and what their perception of romantic love was.
Most answered they wanted an everlasting relationship. A happily married mother of one said love was an illusion, referring to the roles of dopamine and serotonin in our brains. Others say they believe in love in a metaphysical manner. And an editor-cum-artist dreams of a noncommittal everlasting love.
The feisty, 25-year-old Bali-based editor Annisa Dharma said romance or the feeling of infatuation drives her to “assemble beautiful words that woo”. It had also driven her to make what she called “grand gestures”.
“I’ve moved countries for a boy. I’ve made a song for a boy [2]. I’ve created art for a boy. I’ve let go of my ambition for a boy,” she said.
Annisa said her actions were driven by romance [3].
“I think romance is more of a language. Romance and love don’t go hand in hand,” she said.
“Personally, I can’t be romantic to someone I truly love, and likewise, when I don’t love a person, I can be the most romantic person ever.”
However if she really loves someone, she would not do anything to hurt or harm herself. “Because I’d trust them with all my heart,” she said.
Annisa added she would want love to last forever. “Thus, no commitments…Free and liberating.”
She however would not mind getting married “if I found the right one, in which the relationship didn’t change regardless of the married status. That would mean getting married purely as an act of romance… which is fine,” she said.
For 28-year-old Yolanda Nirmala, love has such a powerful effect on her it made her think twice
about her religion and chose to live without it. She said she found peace as an agnostic.
“Would it makes sense to you if I told you that being in love once led to me being agnostic? That’s how powerful love is in my life,” she said.
Coming from a conservative Muslim family, Yolanda fell in love with a man who had a Catholic upbringing. She was in her early 20s, in college; meanwhile, her partner was in his early thirties.
Their families disapproved of their relationship because they came from different faiths. They continued to date in secret for fear of being separated [4].
She and her partner devised a plan to elope to Singapore and live abroad. They started to save up money for their planned future together.
During this time, she started to question religion.
“I started to lose my faith in religion. I started to ask myself: ‘What is the point of religion have if it used to hate other people?’ Because of a different religion, one can hate and stay away from others?”
Life sent her on another path, Yolanda said, as her boyfriend was killed in a car accident in their two years of relationship.
“I was sad as sad can be. But the thing that didn’t die with him, was me being an agnostic,” she said. “I don’t feel there is a strong reason to fit in boxes that separate people.”
For 29-year-old Ramdan Sudrajat, love has made him do things he never imagined he could do.
“I cleaned my girlfriend’s father’s behind when he was ill after having a stroke,” he said.
“I even surprised myself. I have never even seen my own father naked. That’s the power of love,” he said.
The relationship with his girlfriend eventually fizzled. That was around 2006 he said, and he was over it.
“Failure is normal. Even though I regret the decision to break up. I still remember her as a part of the story of my life,” he said.
“I think love is when you put your trust and hope in someone whom you wish to be your life companion and who will be by your side until you get old,” he said.
But a lasting relationship wants to build ramdan, [5] Yolanda said she was not in a rush and was looking for a mature relationship, with a solid long-term plan. “If a guy says sweet things to me such as ‘I like you’ or something similar, until he proves it I would say it’s bulls**t,” she said. And until she finds that love, she is happy with casual dates.
Maria Ferrari, 33, a mother and a singer, has a very rational perspective on romantic love. She believes it is an illusion, and the emotion comes from a combination neurotransmitters in the brain.
“In reality, [most] humans whether they realize it or not are self-centered,” she said. “For me, the deepest and craziest [thing one can do] for ‘love’ is to keep it unspoken.”
She believes a committed relationship occurs when two people agree to want to “know” their partners.
“The ‘want’ is full of conflict. And often it becomes a drama, just like sinetron,” she said. Maria added there was no time frame in getting to know one’s partner. “Because humans are dynamic,” she went on.
Despite her rational perspective, Maria enjoys being infected with the emotions.
“Being high and low is exciting. Because [sometimes] that is what people look for. So life doesn’t feel that bland,” she said.
Scientists have explained love through neuroscience. A professor of Neuroscience in Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, Larry Young. wrote in scientific journal Nature, that love could be explained by a series of neurochemical events in a specific area of the brain. From his research Young finds that oxytocin levels in the brain may enhance humans ability to form trusting relationships.
Meanwhile anthropologist Helen Fisher states that different neurotransmitters such as testorerone, dopamine, serotonin and oxytocin have roles in the phases of romantic love, which are lust, attraction and attachment. In her articles, Fisher wrote that when someone faces rejection, the body goes into protest and also a renewed passion that she coined “frustration attraction”, which results from the prolong effect of dopamine.
To cope with all the highs and lows of love, Maria suggested being conscious of all these emotions.
Taking advice from meditation teacher, she said: “Consciously enjoy everything, and observe”.




Pasive Voice
1.      And there are those who don’t mind being given a reason to be romantic [1].
2.      I’ve made a song for a boy [2]
3.      Annisa said her actions were driven by romance [3]
4.      They continued to date in secret for fear of being separated [4]
5.      a lasting relationship wants to build by ramdan
Active Voice
1.      there are people who do not mind being rushed to be romantic
2.      I'm making a song for boys
3.      Annisa said her actions drove by romance
4.      They are continue to date in secret for fear of being separ
5.      ramdan is building a lasting relationship
Contoh 10 kalimat aktiv :
1.      i buy a book today (Simple Present)
2.      The cat catch the mouse today (Simple Present)
3.      He bought the pen from the shop yesterday (Simple Past)
4.      She brought the books to my house yesterday (Simple Past)
5.      She has rejected the call (Present Perfect Tense)
6.      She has rejected me. But I’am still in love (Present Perfect Tense)
7.      I have closed the window (Present Perfect Tense)
8.      Luna and Ron are loving to read book. (Present Progresive)
9.      She is bringing many books. (Present Progresive)
10.  While we were having the picnic, it started to rain (Past Progresive)

Contoh 10 kalimat pasiv :
1.      A book is bought by me today (Simple Present)
2.      The mouse is caught by the cat today (Simple Present)
3.      The pen was bought by him from the shop yesterday (Simple Past)
4.      The books were brought by her to my yesterday (Simple Past)
5.      The call has been rejected by her (Present Perfect Tense)
6.      I have been rejected by her. But i’am still in love (Present Perfect Tense)
7.      The window has been closed by (Present Perfect Tense)
8.      The food is being cooked by mother for her husband. (Present Progresive)
9.      This lecture is being studied by them. (Present Progresive)
10.  The piano was being played by him (Past Progresive)






Rabu, 17 Januari 2018

Cover Letter

21th January 2017
Mr Swon,
Head Of Human Resource Division
PT. Braya Abadi
RH Kartini street
Indonesia,13142
Dear Mr. Agus:
Based on the advertisement in Kompas Newspaper at January 17th, 2018 there a job vacancy in your company as accountant.
I am writing to enquire if you have any vacancies in your company. I enclose my CV for your information.
With my educational background, I am confident that my skill can contribute significantly to PT.Karya Sejahtera. I was able to operate application like Zahir and MYOB Accounting. In addition, I am a person who can work independently or in a team. I am also hard  workers and not easily give up.
I am a conscientious person who works hard and pays attention to detail. I’m flexible, quick to pick up new skills and eager to learn from others. I also have lots of ideas and enthusiasm. I’m keen to work for a company with a great reputation and high profile like PT Braya Abadi
I have excellent references and would be delighted to discuss any possible vacancy with you at your convenience. In case you do not have any suitable openings at the moment, I would be grateful if you would keep my CV on file for any future possibilities.
Yours sincerely

Noviana Putri

Curriculum Vitae

       I.            Personal Details

Name                                       : Noviana Putri
Place & Date of Birth             : Jakarta, November 16 1997
Gender                                    : Female
Religion                                   : Islam
Address                                   : Jl. Penggilingan no 07, Cakung, East Jakarta 13940
Phone Number                        : 0899976486
Marital Status                          : Single
Nationality                              : Indonesia
Motto                                      : Learn from the past, live for the day, and plan tomorrow
    II.            Education Details

1.      2004 – 2009 Elementary School 6 , East Jakarta
2.      2009 – 2012 Al-Wathoniah 9 Junior High School, East Jakarta
3.      2012 – 2015 Dinamika Pembangunan 2 Vocational High School, East Jakarta
4.      2015 – 2019 Accounting Degree Gunadarma University

 III.            Organizational Experience
1.      2010 - 2012 team success of Copasus in Always 9 JHS
2.      2012 - 2015 member of Commite Of The Red Cross in DP 2 VHS
3.      2016 till now member of Labolatorium Basic Accounting of Gunadarma University
4.      2017 till now tutor of Pensiana Primamor

 IV.            Technical Skills
1.      Microsoft Office (MS Word, Excel, Power Point)
2.      Application Accounting ( MYOB, Zahir , Dea)

    V.            Work Experience
1.      Completed 3 month of Job Training in PT MTG
2.      Completed 2 month of Job Training in Badan Pertanahan Nasional


                                                                                                Jakarta, 17th  January 2017


                                                                                                            Noviana Putri


Rabu, 03 Januari 2018

Latter of Invitation

To        : The Employee Muncul Jaya Management

Hotel Santika
Penggilingan, Jakarta Timur
Indonesia.

Date                : 28th september 2017
Subject            : Invitation for Employee Muncul Jaya

Dear employees

This is a personal invetation to you for the quartenly employee meeting which will be held on 29th December 2017, friday at Hotel Santika from 7 P.M to 10 P.M.

The agenda of meeting is to discuss the success and development of the company in the last quarter and to apreciate the employee contribution. The top management team and board of directors of the company will be  our guest of honor and will convey their gratitude for the contributation in the growth of the company. So this event will be a great opportunity for you to get acquainted with the business leaders.

This is an official party so you are requested to come in formals and maintain the ethics in  the party. You are allowed to bring one family member ( but not kids ) so that they would also be aware of the growth of your company and your contributation to it.

You are request to please confrim your visit in advance to Ms Saiman. You can contact him on 08984072094 or you can also confrim your visit via email saiman777@gmail.com

We are looking forward for your presenc in the get together to make it a great event.



Staff Personalia Muncul Jaya


Selasa, 02 Januari 2018

Letter of Apologize


Noviana Putri
25215137
3EB19


November 16th, 2017
KEYKO KOREAN SKIN CARE
Penggilingan street, Number 11, Jakarta

Dear Owner Keyko Korean Skin Care,
It is with great concern that I address an incident you experienced with our customer service department. After hearing of this issue, I would like to make an apology on behalf of our company. We are taking all the necessary steps to make sure that this type of problem does not happen again.
It is our policy to refund or return any products that you are not completely satisfied with. I regret that this was not made clear to you when you called our customer service department.
Our company values all of our customers and any feedback that is provided. Please feel free to contact me personally to discuss any concerns that you may have in the future. We look forward to continuing our relationship with you and hope that we can serve you once again.
Sincerely,

Korean Beuaty



Letter of Complaint


Noviana Putri
25215137

3EB19


Jakarta, Desember 6th, 2017
Number: 11/AB-CD/EFGH/II/2017

KEYKO KOREAN SKINCARE
Penggilingan street, Number 11, Jakarta
Subject: Complaint about some damages of the goods

To
KOREAN BEAUTY
Ahmad Yani street, Number 01, Tangerang

Dear Sir,
Through this letter we inform you that our order had arrived on time. However, after we checked the products you sent us, there are some damages of some products.

The damages are:
1.       Three items of  Magic Pelling Mechine do not working
2.       Five units of products that do not fit the order, which should be Liptint BB

For the evidence, we will send you back the damage and unsuitable products to be re-check by your company.

We hope in the future, we would not receive anymore damaged or unsuitable products like this. If this thing happen again, we are sorry that we will cut off our cooperation contract.

Thank you for your concern. We will wait for you reply.

Regards,


KEYKO KOREAN SKINCARE


Minggu, 04 Juni 2017

Ekonomi & Lemahnya Hukum (tulisan8)

Ekonomi dan Lemahnya Hukum
Dalam setiap pembahasan tentang penyebab rendahnya pertumbuhan ekonomi dan buruknya minat investasi di Indonesia, salah satu faktor utama yang selalu disebut adalah lemahnya sistem hukum, baik jaminan terhadap kepemilikan individu (property rights), kontrak, penyelesaian perselisihan melalui pengadilan, dan korupsi.
Namun, ironis untuk menyatakan bahwa bekerjanya sistem hukum yang baik adalah persyaratan bagi masuknya investasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi karena membangun sistem hukum yang andal membutuhkan waktu lama dan mahal biayanya.
Selama ini pembangunan sistem hukum di Indonesia tidak pernah mendapatkan prioritas. Sekarang pun, meski kerap kali dinyatakan sebagai prioritas oleh pemerintah, tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya tidak demikian. Mengharapkan sistem hukum bekerja sebagaimana di negara-negara maju akan membutuhkan waktu yang bahkan mungkin mencapai beberapa dekade. Apakah dengan demikian kita harus menunggu sistem hukum bekerja dengan baik terlebih dahulu baru kemudian perkembangan ekonomi mengikutinya?
Tentu saja jawaban yang tepat adalah harus dilakukan bersamaan. Ini berarti pada saat sistem hukum diperbaiki dan dikembangkan, kegiatan ekonomi juga harus mengalami perkembangan. Namun, apakah ini mungkin terjadi?
DALAM disiplin ilmu ekonomi, pentingnya sistem hukum tidaklah diabaikan, bahkan terdapat kesepakatan umum bahwa kerangka hukum merupakan persyaratan perlu (necessary condition) agar sistem ekonomi pasar dapat bekerja dengan berhasil. Bahkan, kalangan yang dikenal sebagai libertarian yang ekstrem menganggap kerangka hukum sebagai syarat perlu dan cukup (necessary and sufficient) bagi berfungsinya pasar dengan baik.
Teorema Coase yang terkenal menyatakan, jika hak milik pribadi dijamin, maka kontrak yang dilakukan secara sukarela (voluntary contract) dapat mencapai seluruh keuntungan ekonomi yang ada, termasuk internalisasi terhadap eksternalitas dan penyediaan barang publik (public goods). Jadi, teori ekonomi konvensional tidak mengabaikan pentingnya hukum, hanya permasalahannya menganggap berfungsinya sistem hukum dengan baik sebagai pemberian (taken for granted).
Asumsinya, negara yang memonopoli penggunaan paksaan (coercion), dan negara merencanakan serta menjalankan hukum dengan tujuan memaksimalkan kesejahteraan rakyat (social welfare).
Pandangan sederhana ini membuat analisis ekonomi menjadi sangat terfokus pada bekerjanya pasar dengan mengutamakan kebijaksanaan liberalisasi dan deregulasi. Namun, belakangan disadari bahwa analisis ini tidak memadai untuk menjelaskan dan mencari jalan keluar bagi pemulihan ekonomi seperti yang terjadi di Indonesia.
Meski perekonomian telah diliberalisasi sedemikian jauh, pertumbuhan ekonomi tetap rendah karena tidak berkembangnya investasi. Sayang, hanya negara maju yang mempunyai sistem hukum sebagaimana diidealisikan para ekonom, yaitu pemerintah menjalankan sistem hukum dengan perhatian utama pada memaksimalkan kesejahteraan sosial.

Di semua negara dalam sejarahnya, pengembangan sistem hukum sangat mahal, lambat, tidak dapat diandalkan (unreliable), bias, korup, bahkan tidak ada sama sekali. Di banyak negara keadaan seperti ini masih berlaku. Bekerjanya pasar dalam sistem hukum yang demikian sangat berbeda dengan pasar sebagaimana yang digambarkan dalam teori ekonomi konvensional.
Tentu saja kegiatan ekonomi tidak berhenti hanya karena pemerintah tidak dapat menyediakan sistem hukum yang dapat diandalkan. Karena itu, biasanya masyarakat sendiri mengembangkan alternatif institusi untuk menyubstitusikan lemahnya sistem hukum yang disediakan pemerintah. Termasuk di dalamnya melakukan perlindungan sendiri atau mempekerjakan tenaga keamanan profesional untuk melindungi hak milik, mengembangkan jaringan informasi, dan memanfaatkan norma-norma sosial termasuk dengan hukumannya untuk menjamin suatu kontrak dihargai dengan baik.
Dalam versi ekstrem, Teorema Coase menyatakan bahwa segala sesuatunya akan bekerja sebisanya dalam keadaan apa pun. Sayangnya, apa yang terjadi di Indonesia, bekerjanya institusi alternatif tersebut jauh dari optimal bahkan banyak yang merugikan negara dan masyarakat pada umumnya, seperti perlindungan terhadap penambangan dan penebangan hutan liar, dan premanisme.
Pada saat sistem hukum formal tidak berfungsi baik, selalu ada alternatif pengganti sekalipun tidak optimal.
PROSES untuk membangun sistem hukum dan memperbaikinya sampai tingkat dapat berfungsi baik adalah lambat dan mahal. Namun, ini tdak berarti kita harus meniru sepenuhnya dengan apa yang dikembangkan di negara-negara Barat.
Mungkin kita membangun dan memanfaatkan alternatif institusi yang tersedia dan mengembangkannya sambil kita mengembangkan sistem hukum yang benar-benar dapat diandalkan dalam jangka panjang.
Tentu saja untuk melakukannya, kita harus memahami bagaimana bekerjanya berbagai institusi, dan bagaimana mereka saling berinteraksi satu dengan yang lain dalam keadaan di mana sistem hukum yang disediakan pemerintah masih lemah keadaannya.
Bahkan, di negara-negara maju sekali pun, di mana sistem hukum berjalan dengan baik, perselisihan ekonomi dan non- ekonomi tidak segera dipecahkan di pengadilan. Proses peradilan pada umumnya merupakan langkah terakhir (the last resort). Masyarakat berusaha memecahkan perselisihan di antara mereka dengan berbagai metode negosiasi, dan hanya jika gagal baru memanfaatkan proses peradilan.
Bahkan, sering kali penyelesaian melalui sistem peradilan menjadi amat mahal dan hasilnya tidak memuaskan kedua pihak. Karena itu, aspek hubungan yang sudah berjalan lama yang saling percaya dan dilakukan secara berulang- ulang (repeated games), dan arbitrase (penyelesaian perselisihan melalui negosiasi) menjadi cara yang amat umum dalam menyelesaikan persoalan bisnis.

Sayang, kita di Indonesia tak mengembangkan dengan baik proses penyelesaian nonperadilan ini dan berharap terlalu banyak, yang kemudian amat mengecewakan, dengan proses peradilan yang masih lemah
Sebagai contoh, penyelesaian perselisihan kontrak energi geotermal Karaha Bodas melalui proses arbitrase internasional disepelekan pihak Indonesia (Pertamina dan pemerintah). Sampai hasil arbitrase itu berkekuatan hukum melalui Peradilan AS, baru pemerintah sibuk menolak putusan yang sudah mengikat itu, untuk membayar sekitar 300 juta dollar AS, dengan mengandalkan sistem hukum kita yang lemah ini.
Jika sejak semula kita membiasakan mempergunakan dan menghargai proses arbitrase, kepastian melakukan investasi di Indonesia akan jauh lebih baik sekalipun sistem hukum masih relatif lemah.
PROSES arbitrase ini yang antara lain perlu dikembangkan dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan ekonomi-bisnis yang dapat mencakup perselisihan antarperusahaan, antara perusahaan dan pemerintah, antara manajemen dan pekerja, serta antara perusahaan dan masyarakat.
Secara bersamaan dan bertahap, kita juga mengembangkan proses peradilan, paling tidak dalam aspek tertentu terlebih dahulu, misalnya kepailitan, yang dapat menjadi tumpuan terakhir dari penyelesaian perselisihan jika proses arbitrase tidak lagi memadai. Arbitrase dapat mempunyai keuntungan dalam biaya (finansial dan waktu), yang biayanya dapat lebih rendah dibanding sistem peradilan, mempunyai keuntungan dalam penyampaian informasi yang lebih baik, dan kemungkinan dengan hasil yang lebih baik kualitasnya.
Forum arbitrase dapat disesuaikan dengan spesialisasi industri, geografi, dan lain-lain dalam jangkauan perselisihan yang dapat ditangani. Forum arbitrase ini membutuhkan spesialis dalam bidang tertentu dan dapat mengadopsi prosedur dan peraturan mengenai bukti-bukti tertentu namun berlaku sama untuk semua kasus.

Proses arbitrase tentunya tidak mempunyai kekuatan pemaksa yang dimiliki negara (state coercion) untuk memastikan berbagai pihak mengikuti putusan yang dikeluarkan. Namun, proses ini sangat membantu pada saat kita belum dapat mengandalkan sistem hukum yang baik.(Umar Juoro Ketua Dewan Direktur CIDES (Center for Information and Development Studies); Senior Fellow the Habibie Center)